Iberian literature is an academic field dedicated to the study of literary production originating from the Iberian Peninsula. This encompasses texts written primarily in the major Romance languages of the region—Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, and Galician—alongside other co-official languages. As a research concept, it investigates the historical development, formal characteristics, thematic concerns, and cultural contexts of these diverse literary traditions across various periods. A key characteristic is the comparative analysis of the distinct yet often interacting literatures of the peninsula, examining shared historical trajectories, regional variations, and multilingual dynamics. Its significance lies in illuminating the complex literary heritage of Iberia, its internal dialogues, and its substantial influence on global literary history.